中文摘要：
  在中國(guó)，農(nóng)民占多數(shù)，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被視為傳統(tǒng)保守的力量。長(zhǎng)期日常農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式下形成的農(nóng)民理性，在農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)內(nèi)部的功效是有限的，主要是生存理性。而這種理性以其慣性進(jìn)入工商業(yè)社會(huì)后會(huì)形成擴(kuò)張勢(shì)態(tài)，產(chǎn)生一種農(nóng)民理性與工業(yè)社會(huì)優(yōu)勢(shì)結(jié)合的“疊加優(yōu)勢(shì)”，釋放出其在傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)和現(xiàn)代工商業(yè)社會(huì)都未有的巨大能量。要理解“中國(guó)奇跡”，必須理解中國(guó)農(nóng)民；要理解農(nóng)民，必須理解農(nóng)民理性。以農(nóng)民理性中的關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)明農(nóng)民理性擴(kuò)張是如何造就“中國(guó)奇跡”的，需要跳出傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代二元對(duì)立的思維定式，高度重視社會(huì)變革中的民性、民情及民意。

英文摘要：
  The Extension of the Rationalism of the Peasantry: an Analysis of the Key Actors behind the “China Miracle”—A Challenge to the Existing Theories and a New Analytical Framework .Xu Yong.Demographically, peasants have long constituted the vast majority of the total Chinese population. Politically, they have consistently been perceived as a very conservative force. Their rationalism, formed during the long-term mode of agricultural production, could only play a very limited role within typical agricultural society. Such rationalism may well be defined as “rationalism for survival.” However, this kind of rationalism has witnessed a dramatic expansion since China embarked on reform and opening-up. We argue that once combined with industrialism, “rationalism for survival” may have produced “added advantages” for Chinese society. As a result, Chinese peasants have released a huge potential energy never seen in Chinese agricultural society. This paper argues that a true understanding of Chinese peasants should precede the understanding of the “China miracle” and a true understanding of “rationalism” among Chinese peasants should precede the understanding of Chinese peasants. To understand how Chinese peasants created the “China miracle”, we need to abandon the traditional dualistic model of conflict characterized by traditionalism vs. modernity and pay special attention to the true feelings of the Chinese peasants.