公共政策執(zhí)行的中國經驗
賀東航 孔繁斌
《中國社會科學》2011年第5期
2011-10-26
中文摘要:
國家制訂的公共政策需要落實到一定的地方場域,通過政策細化或再規(guī)劃的過程,才能實現其政策目標,從而形成中央統一性和地方多樣性的執(zhí)行格局,說明公共政策往往具有層級性;同時,任何一項重大的公共政策還具有多屬性特征,重大領域的改革政策尤為明顯,它同時承載經濟、政治、社會、文化和生態(tài)等多項任務,其政策目標的實現取決于多部門的合作與配套政策的供給。為防止公共政策在執(zhí)行中陷入“碎片化”,可運用中國特色制度的高位推動,通過層級性治理和多屬性治理,采用協調、信任、合作、整合、資源交換和信息交流等相關手段來解決公共政策在央地之間、部門之間的貫徹與落實的問題,這在一定意義上即構成了公共政策執(zhí)行的中國經驗。
英文摘要:
To achieve its objectives, a national public policy needs to be implemented in specific local contexts where it is refined and reset. This will give rise to a structure marked by local diversity and central unity, indicating the layered character of public policy. At the same time, each significant public policy, especially reforms in major fields, has multiple attributes. Simultaneously charged with economic, political, social, cultural and ecological missions, it has to rely on multisectoral cooperation and supporting policies to realize its objectives. To prevent public policy implementation from being “fragmented,” it is advisable to introduce an impetus from higherlevel authorities, something unique to the Chinese system; to practice hierarchical and multiobjective governance; and to take measures for coordination, trust, cooperation, integration, resource exchange and information communication in order to solve the problem of implementing public policy across sectors and governments at different levels. This can be regarded in a sense as the Chinese experience in the implementation of public policy.
國家制訂的公共政策需要落實到一定的地方場域,通過政策細化或再規(guī)劃的過程,才能實現其政策目標,從而形成中央統一性和地方多樣性的執(zhí)行格局,說明公共政策往往具有層級性;同時,任何一項重大的公共政策還具有多屬性特征,重大領域的改革政策尤為明顯,它同時承載經濟、政治、社會、文化和生態(tài)等多項任務,其政策目標的實現取決于多部門的合作與配套政策的供給。為防止公共政策在執(zhí)行中陷入“碎片化”,可運用中國特色制度的高位推動,通過層級性治理和多屬性治理,采用協調、信任、合作、整合、資源交換和信息交流等相關手段來解決公共政策在央地之間、部門之間的貫徹與落實的問題,這在一定意義上即構成了公共政策執(zhí)行的中國經驗。
英文摘要:
To achieve its objectives, a national public policy needs to be implemented in specific local contexts where it is refined and reset. This will give rise to a structure marked by local diversity and central unity, indicating the layered character of public policy. At the same time, each significant public policy, especially reforms in major fields, has multiple attributes. Simultaneously charged with economic, political, social, cultural and ecological missions, it has to rely on multisectoral cooperation and supporting policies to realize its objectives. To prevent public policy implementation from being “fragmented,” it is advisable to introduce an impetus from higherlevel authorities, something unique to the Chinese system; to practice hierarchical and multiobjective governance; and to take measures for coordination, trust, cooperation, integration, resource exchange and information communication in order to solve the problem of implementing public policy across sectors and governments at different levels. This can be regarded in a sense as the Chinese experience in the implementation of public policy.